ESP (Electric Submersible Pump)

An electric submersible pump (ESP) is a type of centrifugal pump that is designed to be operated underwater, typically in oil or gas well applications. The ESP is a complete system that includes an electric motor, a pump, and a seal assembly that is designed to operate underwater while being powered by electricity. These pumps are commonly used to pump fluids such as oil, water, or natural gas from a well to the surface.

The electric submersible pump typically has several key components, including: • The motor: The electric motor is the power source for the pump and is typically a three-phase induction motor. The motor is designed to be water-cooled and is typically rated for operation in the range of 200 to 600 volts. • The pump: The pump is typically a centrifugal pump that is designed to handle liquids with a high solids content. The impeller and diffuser are typically made of a hard metal alloy such as stainless steel or a hard plastic material such as polyurethane. • The seal assembly: The seal assembly is designed to prevent fluids from entering the motor and is typically made of a combination of mechanical seals and/or lip seals.

The engineering specifications for the electric submersible pump are: • Flow rate: typically from 100 to 20,000 gallons per minute (GPM) • Head: typically from 50 to 5,000 feet • Power: typically from 1 to 400 horsepower (HP) • Voltage: typically from 200 to 600 volts • Temperature: typically from -20°F to 350°F • Standard: API 11S

The electric submersible pump is designed to be both durable and efficient, with a range of features that make it well-suited for use in oil and gas well applications. Its ability to pump fluids with a high solids content and its high head and flow rate capabilities make it a great option for various applications such as oil and gas production, water injection, and more. Additionally, the standardization of the pumps makes it easy to find a replacement or upgrade. The seal assembly provides an additional level of safety, preventing fluids from entering the motor and causing damage.

Where to Place an Offshore Platform When a major oil and gas operator wanted a new concrete gravity based platform placed in their existing subsea field, they asked us to figure out where to put it. At first it may seem like an easy task, pick a nice flat piece of seabed and job done. It is not that simple, however, and it took a multi-disciplinary team to get the optimum solution. Like all engineering issues, it is all about weighing the trade-offs between alternatives. Factors to consider in the placement of an offshore platform include drilling and completion costs, subsea infrastructure, and environmental impact, to name a few. These factors will impact the longer term viability of an offshore asset and it’s overall operability as infrastructure is added in the field. The drilling and completion costs are the most obvious to have be directly impacted by the surface position of an offshore platform. Here the overall drill and complete cost, as well as ability to reach geologic targets is based on the surface location of the platform, i.e. the starting surface location for all wells. Typically, platform placement is as close to the “center” of the pool as possible to enable the easiest options to access all parts of the structure, however, factors such as the desire to have horizontal completions, specific azimuths through a stress field, or a secondary geologic prospect, may move the platform from the “default” bullseye position. It is important to have an asset development plan from subsurface available (as mature as possible), to plan completions and trajectories for potential platform positions.

The SCSSSV Isolation Question In some wells with surface controlled subsurface safety valves a landing nipple is used to lock and operate a wireline retrievable downhole safety valve. The wireline retrievable valve can be pulled to allow nearly full-bore access to the wellbore, however it is a question as to whether an isolation sleeve should be run or not. One of the key advantages for installing a wireline retrievable subsurface safety valve is that it can be pulled and allow larger tools to be run on wireline. However, the insert valve has to form a seal with the inside of the tubing in a safety valve landings nipple. This is achieved by running an upper and lower seal assembly made of chevron seals (or o-rings) which form a seal for the hydraulic oil in the control line to pressure up the safety valve. When wirelining, the wire will ride in a certain location (low side) and can create a groove in this sealing area. This groove can lead to the packing elements of the insert valve not forming a hydraulic seal and rendering the valve inoperable. In this particular well, there was a history of sand production, and the completion was more than 40 years old, which are both cause for concern when running slickline across a SCSSSV nipple profile. It was decided during job design to install an isolation sleeve across the landing nipple to prevent damaging the sealing profile.

Bell 206 Helicopter The Bell 206 is a single-engine, light helicopter that was first introduced in the 1960s and has been used for a variety of roles, including transportation, search and rescue, and aerial surveying. The helicopter is designed and manufactured by Bell Helicopter, a division of Textron Inc. The Bell 206 features a two-blade semi-rigid main rotor and a two-blade tail rotor. The main rotor is designed to provide lift and control, while the tail rotor is used to counter the torque produced by the main rotor and provide directional stability. The main rotor is made of aluminum, which makes it lightweight and durable. The rotor system is designed to provide a high level of performance and safety, and it is equipped with advanced vibration dampers to reduce noise and vibration.

Sources list:
Image from https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Main-components-of-an-electrical-submersible-pump-ESP
Image from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0Q6cboXyLY

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